Li-Fi is a wireless technology that will replace the so-called Wi-Fi network. Li-Fi alone using light-based technologies (Visible Light Communication / VLC) to transmit data flow. In contrast to the Wi-Fi that actually uses radio waves to transmit data flow.
Li-Fi (Light Fidelity) is a new method to transmit high-speed data packet-based wireless uses visible light spectrum (visible light spectrum), the LED light bulb. The reason for using a LED light bulb for Li-Fi technology to produce very high levels of illumination with which LED is a semiconductor light source that can amplify light intensity and displacement are so quick to modulate thousands of signals that are not seen by humans. With the use of Li-Fi technology can provide Internet access 100 times faster than Wi-Fi. Li-Fi transfer speeds up to 1 Gbps (Giga bits per second). This is much faster than Wi-Fi is only 600Mbps.
More recently, Li-Fi technology has been tested by a newly established company in Estonia named Velmenni. They conducted experiments on this technology in some offices, laboratories, and industrial environment in the city of Tallin (capital of Estonia). From the experimental results obtained that the theoretical data rates of 224 Gbps. That means high-res movies will be downloaded in a matter of seconds.
Of course people do not wait to get to use Li-Fi technology that will
replace Wi-Fi technology. Talking about the readiness of this technology, Deepak
Solanki (CEO Velmenni) states that "We are conducting a pilot project in several
different industries in which we can use technology VLC (Visible Light
Communication). At present, we have designed lighting solutions that
intelligently for industrial environments where data communication is done
through light. We also did a pilot project with private clients where we were
preparing Li-Fi network to access the internet in our office space. this new
technology can be enjoyed by consumers in the next 3-4 years.
This technology has also been tested by the airline who wish to use it to
provide better connectivity in flight, and intelligence agencies are interested
in the potential of Li-Fi for wireless data transfer security.
Before Velmenni, there are already some companies are doing research on
Li-Fi technology. In April 2014, the Russian company Stins Coman develop Li-Fi
wireless technology named BeamCaster. The results of their research indicate
data transfer rates ranging from 1.25 Gbps. However, they estimate can increase
the speed up to 5Gbps in the near future. Mexican company named Sisoft have a
new record in 2014 by generating data transfer speeds up to 10 Gbps through the
light spectrum LED lights. It is hoped the research in the following years can
generate data transfer speed is better than in previous studies.
Who's the idea behind the invention of this sophisticated?
In 2011, Li-Fi technology invented by Professor Harald Haas, a German physicist from the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, who also serves as the Chairman of the Mobile Communication. In addition, Prof. Haas is a co-founder of PureLifi.
Prof. Haas describes a future in which billions of light bulbs later can become a wireless hotspot. In his presentation at the TED conference (Technology, Entertainment and Design) in 2011, Prof. Haas describes the speed of VLC uses modern LED technology achieve 1000Gbps while using infra red only around 1000 bps only. This means the resulting speed of the light spectrum LED is 10,000 times greater than the radio wave spectrum. Prof. Haas also said that the current infrastructure is very possible for every single LED light bulb is converted into a super-fast wireless router. According to him have to do is adjust a small microchip to every potential illumination device. This will combine the two basic functions of lighting and wireless data transmission.
Li-Fi technology has the advantage of not interfere with other radio signals so that it is possible to be used in aircraft and other places affected by the use of radio signals. Another advantage that light can not penetrate walls so it makes it more secure from snooping by external parties. However, it turns out Li-Fi also has shortcomings, which can not be used outdoors in direct sunlight, since the transmission of information by lighting through the air becomes more difficult. This is due to the absence of tunnel lighting to guide the direction of the signal of interest while in the wild.
How does Li-Fi work?
The picture above is how Li-Fi technology to work in a room. Data such as audio, video, web, and application information sent from a server on a local network or the internet in binary form. This is commonly called streaming. Before the data is forwarded to LED lights, there is a component of lamp driver as controller comprising:
Ø PCB (Printed Circuit Board), in charge of controlling the input and output of electric lights and home microcontroller used to manage different lighting functions.
Ø PAC (Power Amplifier Circuit), in charge of producing a radio frequency signal that guides the flow of data to the electric field around the Bulb.
Ø Bulb, a light bulb embedded dielectric material to guide radio frequency energy waves emitted by PAC and as an electric field concentrators that focus on energy in the Bulb.
Ø Enclosure is made of aluminum box that protects the PCB, PAC, and Bulb in one package. Aluminum is a good conductor of electricity and light to use long-distance power transmission.
When Bulb emits a constant current to the LED light bulb with a very high speed, the constant flow of photons emitted from the lamp observed as VLC. To detect the flow of data at high speed light intensity needed a photo detector component (photo detector). This component also serves to change the flow of data in light intensity (amplitude) signals into electric current. Unit amplification and signal processing (amplification and signal processing) in charge of changing the flow of data in binary form into original data such as audio, video, web, and application information are then transmitted to a computer or mobile device. Photo-detection function and signal processing packaged in a device called a receiver doungle. A computer must have an infrared LED to be able to communicate in the uplink channel.
What Li-Fi technology challenges of the future?
Li-Fi technology still requires further research to perfecting. The current challenge is how to develop Li-Fi technology is optimal for use in the home and work environment with a relatively cheaper cost. As we all know that a great light intensity depends on the power (watt) bulbs. The higher the power of the lamp, it will produce a high light intensity as well. That means, the cost is relatively expensive to adjust prices based on the lamp power. Moreover, this technology does not include the amount of area, but can not penetrate the wall so it requires a lot of power lights and other components of Li-Fi in a corner of the room or building to be connected and have a stable optimal speed.
For the next challenge, how technology Li-Fi can be accessed outside the home during the morning before the afternoon when there were still sun as a nuisance or hindrance of a stream of data sent to the destination address so perfectly. Until now, Li-Fi technology can not support it.
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